Pembantaian Etnis Cina

PEMBANTAIAN ETNIS CINA DI HINDIA BELANDA PADA MASA KEKUASAAN GUBERNUR JENDERAL ANDRIAN VOLCKENIER TAHUN 1740-AN
Muryadi Sukaryanto

Abstract

This study discusses the butchering of Chinese Ethnic in the Netherland East Indies at the Era of Governor General Andrian Volckenier in the 1740s. Three problems are discussed: (1) how do the political and economic policies of Neherlands Indies Government (VOC) relate to the Chinese ethnic?; (2) what are the underlying reasons that caused the butchering of the Chinese ethnic at Governor Andrian Volckenier s period of the 1740s?; and (3) what actions were taken by the Neherlands Indies Government after the butchering?

The study found the following results. First, in relation to the Chinese ethnic, VOC's policies always changed. At the beginning the relationship between Chinese ethnic and the Neherlands Indies Government was good. This could be seen in the good treatments and facilities, especially in trade sector, provided by the VOC. Second, due to these favourable facilities, Chinese people dominated the Indonesian economy, even more superior than the Ducth people in Indonesia at the time. This condition led to the rise of competition among them. Therefore, the VOC issued rules and restrictions to discourage the entry of Chinese immigrants and to restrain Chinese trading. Hatred against the Chinese culminated in the butchering of Chinese people in the 1740s. Third, the butchering of Chinese people in the 1740s has been the most brutal in the history of the relationship between VOC and Chinese in Indonesia. Fourth, the greatest impact of the butchering was the passing of two regulations namely VVijkenstelsel and Passenstelsel. These regulations were deliberately designed to restrain Chinese activity and movement in Indonesia. This seems to prevail until today although Indonesia has been independent for long time.