All dates are approximate and conjectural, obtained through Anthropology, Archaeology, Genetics, Geology, or Linguistics. They are all subject to revision due to new discoveries or improved calculations. BP stands for "Before Present."
- c. 120,000 BP - Modern Homo sapiens appears in Africa.
- c. 300,000 BP to 30,000 BP. Mousterian (Neanderthal) culture in Europe.[5]
- c. 75,000 BP - Toba Volcano supereruption.[6]
- c. 70,000 - 50,000 BP - Homo sapiens move from Africa to Asia.[7] In the next millennia, these human group's descendants move on to southern India, the Malay islands, Australia, Japan, China, Siberia, Alaska, and the northwestern coast of North America.[8]
- c. 32,000 BP - Aurignacian culture begins in Europe.
- c. 30,000 BP / 28,000 BC - A herd of Reindeer is slaughtered and butchered by humans in the Vezere Valley in what today is France.[9]
- c. 28,500 BCE - New Guinea is populated by colonists from Asia or Australia.[10]
- c. 28,000 BP - 20,000 BP - Graveltian period in Europe. Harpoons, needles and saws invented.
- c. 26,000 BP / c. 24,000 BC - Women around the world use fibers to make baby-carriers, clothes, bags, baskets and nets.
- c. 25,000 BP / 23,000 BC - A hamlet consisting of huts built of rocks and of mammoth bones is founded in what is now Dolni Vestonice in Moravia in the Czech Republic. This is the oldest human permanent settlement that has yet been found by archaeologists.[11]
- c. 20,000 BP or 18,000 BC - Chatelperronian Culture in France.[12]
- c. 16,000 BP / 14,000 BC - Wisent sculpted in clay deep inside the cave now known as Le Tuc d'Audoubert in the French Pyrinees near what is now the border of Spain.[13]
- c. 14,800 BP / 12,800 BC - The Humid Period begins in North Africa. The region that would later become the Sahara is wet and fertile, and the Aquifers are full.[14]
- c. 8000 BC / 7,000 BC - In northern Mesopotamia, now northern Iraq, cultivation of barley and wheat begins. At first they are used for beer, gruel, and soup, eventually for bread.[15] In early agriculture at this time, the Planting stick is used, but it is replaced by a primitive Plow in subsequent centuries.[16] Around this time, a round stone tower, now preserved to about 8.5 meters high and 8.5 meters in diameter is built in Jericho.[17]
- c. 3700 BC - Cuneiform writing appears and records begin to be kept.
- c. 3000 BC - Stonehenge construction begins. In its first version, it consisted of a circular ditch and bank, with 56 wooden posts.[18]
By region
- Old World
- Prehistoric Africa
- Prehistoric Asia
- East Asia:
- South Asia
- Prehistory of Central Asia
- Prehistoric Siberia
- Southwest Asia (Near East)
- Prehistoric Caucasus
- Prehistoric Europe
- New World
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